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el
heal.recordProvider
School of Economics, Business Administration and Legal Studies, MSc in Environmental Management and Sustainability
el
heal.abstract
The
Thesis was written as part of the MSc in Sustainable Development at the In
tern
a-
tiona
l Hellenic University and deals with the Albanian integration into the European
Union. The aim of the paper is to present an overview of the current situation in Alb
a-
nia as well as to determine the role of sustainability in the process of this integration.
The main purpose is to analyze the progress of the country on the economic, societal
and environmental level, and assess its deficiencies in the framework of European i
n-
tegration. Albania, as all Balkan countries in general, in the past 20 years faced a l
ot of
changes and since its application for EU membership in April of 2009 has encountered
many challenges. Previous studies indicate that Albania has made significant progress
in many aspects but not enough to guarantee its integration. The assessment of
these
aspects will most definitely shed some light and will help us understand how far away
Albania is from becoming a member state of the European Union. This matter will be
mostly studied in accordance with the three pillars of sustainability. Consistent
ly, at
the end of this paper we will have a complete perception of Albanian situation and
how sustainability can help the country fulfill its goal of becoming the next member
state of European Union
en
heal.tableOfContents
-
v
-
Contents
ABSTRACT
................................
................................
................................
...............
III
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
................................
................................
...........................
IV
CONTENTS
................................
................................
................................
...............
V
CHAPTER
1: INTRODUCTION
................................
................................
.....................
5
1.1
O
BJECTIVE OF
T
HESIS
................................
................................
................................
..
5
1.2
O
UTLINE OF
T
HESIS
................................
................................
................................
.....
5
1.3
M
ETHODOLOGY
................................
................................
................................
.........
6
PART I: AN OVERVIEW
OF THE SITUATION IN
ALBANIA
................................
.............
7
CHAPTER 2: CURRENT S
ITUATION IN ALBANIA
................................
..........................
7
2.1
I
NTRODUCTION
................................
................................
................................
..........
7
2.2
A
SHORT HISTORY OF THE
COMMUNIST
A
LBANIA
1945
-
1990
................................
............
9
2
.2
A
LBANIA AFTER COMMUNI
SM
1990
-
2010
................................
................................
...
12
2.3
A
LBANIA
’
S CURRENT SITUATION
................................
................................
..................
14
CHAPTER 3: ALBANIA A
ND SUSTAINABILITY: A
COUNTRY EVOL
VING
.......................
16
3.1
I
NTRODUCTION
................................
................................
................................
........
16
3.2
W
HAT IS SUSTAINABILIT
Y IN ECONOMY
,
SOCIETY AND ENVIRONM
ENT
?
................................
17
3.3
S
IGNS OF
S
USTAINABILITY IN
A
LBANIA AND THE ROLE
OF LOCAL
NGO’
S
..............................
20
PART II: A GAP ANALY
SIS
................................
................................
........................
22
CHAPTER 4: ALBANIA A
ND EUROPEAN UNION: A
GOAL TO BE FULFILLED
................
22
4.1
I
NTRODUCTION
................................
................................
................................
........
22
4.2
H
OW FAR AWAY IS
A
LBANIA FROM FULFILLI
NG
ITS GOAL
?
................................
.................
24
-
vi
-
4.3
C
HALLENGES FOR SUSTAI
NABLE DEVELOPMENT IN
A
LBANIA AND THE RIGHT
PATHWAY TOWARDS
EU
............................................................
............................................................
.................
28
CHAPTER 5: BRIDGING
THE GAP BETWEEN ALBA
NIA AND EU
................................
..
29
5.1
I
NTRODUCTION
................................
................................
................................
........
29
5.2
E
FFECTIVENESS OF THE
STATE
................................
................................
......................
29
5.3
I
NSTITUTIONS AND LEGI
SLATION THAT WILL PA
VE THE ROAD TOWARDS
E
UROPEAN
U
NION
......
31
CHAPTER 6: SUGGESTED
STEPS LEADING TO EU
AN
D SUSTAINABILITY
....................
34
6.1
G
REEN
E
CONOMY
:
THE TOOL TO
EU
INTEGRATION
................................
..........................
34
6.2
T
RADE SECTOR
:
A
POWER READY TO BE HA
RVEST
................................
............................
36
6.3
F
IGHTING CORRUPTION I
N ORDER TO HELP ENTR
EPRENEURSHIP
&
BUSINESSES FLOURISH
........
38
CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSIO
NS
................................
................................
.....................
41
BIBLIOGRAPHY
................................
................................
................................
.......
42
en