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This dissertation was written as part of the MA in Black Sea and Eastern Mediterranean Studies at the International Hellenic University. In the present dissertation the relationship between the main Eastern Mediterranean religions and the natural environment was presented and the fact that, through their traditions and their theological perception, they place and set the hierarchy of the relation between man and the natural environment, for which the term ecotheology is used. Subsequently, the main versions of the story of the Great Cataclysm from the religions and traditions of the eastern Mediterranean were presented. It followed an extensive chapter of interpretative approaches, highlighting the significance and complexity of the narrative of the Great Flood in the Eastern Mediterranean, and at the same time the immediate environmental character of the myth, being probably a structural environmental myth. Next, there is a presentation of the probability that the narrative of the Great Flood has a possible historical nucleus in the Black Sea area and is the derivative of various geological processes that took place between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. Two opinions are episcopal mentioned, the one that claims that the historical core of myth lies in the Black Sea and the opposite which rejects that theory. Next step was the development of a link between the ancient myths and the modern world and how they significantly influence/shape it. Also, how through the centuries the narrative of the Great Flood was a central point of human intellect, in his effort to understand it, highlighting the timelessness of the narrative and, in general, the effectiveness of myths in expressing brief and concise events that puzzled mankind from antiquity and prehistory to date.