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This dissertation was written as part of the LLM in Transnational and European Commercial Law, Banking Law, Arbitration/Mediation at the International Hellenic University. The dissertation is envisioned to be a comprehensive and systematic take on the matters of independence and impartiality of arbitrators in international arbitral proceedings on the one side and matters relating to independence and impartiality of arbitrators in arbitral proceedings before the Court of Arbitration for Sports (CAS) on the other side. Recent court decisions refusing enforceability of arbitral Awards of CAS have sent shockwaves through the international sports arbitration scene that have initiated a revision of CAS Statute. The goal of this dissertation is to explain and analyze the principles of independence and impartiality, the impact of procedural rules on the independence and impartiality of individual arbitrators and point out problematic matters for independence and impartiality of arbitrators in CAS arbitration. The dissertation is divided into four chapters. The first chapter seeks to define independence and impartiality in international commercial arbitration from various arbitral and state court cases and the views of the legal profession. The second chapter pinpoints the importance of independence and impartiality in general and in sports arbitration. The third chapter is a brief overview of the history of CAS and its Rules. The fourth chapter is an elaboration on the present-day status of the CAS and court practice that is shining the light on the principles of independence and impartiality from a different perspective. Dr Friedrich Rosenfeld as the supervisor of this LL.M. dissertation made a contribution by virtue of his keen practical knowledge from arbitral proceedings and I am thankful for the opportunity to write my dissertation under his guidance and support.