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The main goal of the thesis is the intensive examination of energy retrofitting towards nearly Zero Energy Building of a listed MF building located in Thessaloniki. After the morphological and constructional examination of the building, the measured survey was followed and the architectural plans were designed in ArchiCAD software. Afterward, the building was simulated in the T.E.E.-K.E.v.A.K. software. All the simulation results were collected and based on them three interventions in the HVAC system, windows and the building shell were suggested. The next step was the investigation of three scenarios proposed so as to discover the scenario that upgrades the building to nearly Zero Energy Building. Finally, all the scenarios are analyzed in-depth and after discussion, the optimal scenario that satisfies the aim of the study is proposed. More specifically the dissertation is structured as follows: The first chapter includes the introduction where the problem definition is defined and the aim of the study is described. The second chapter contains the theoretical background, where the legislative framework for the interventions' restrictions in listed buildings is presented. Moreover, the environmental strategies of the European Union, as well as the definition of nearly Zero Energy Buildings, with the respective legislative frameworks in the European Union and in Greece are mentioned. The third chapter is composed of the existing building situation description, the simulation analysis and the results as well. Furthermore, the proposed interventions and scenarios are explained intensively and the indicative costs are presented as well. In the fourth chapter, all the results of the scenarios analyzed in chapter three are individually evaluated and presented with charts illustration being compared with those of the existing and the reference building. Finally, the chapter includes the conclusions for the thesis goal accomplishment and the optimal scenario that satisfies this goal is selected. The dissertation closes with the Appendix which includes architectural plans and tables with details for the heat pump units.