One of the most significant crops in the world is the tomato (Solanum
Lycopersicum L.) because of its nutritional and commercial value, being considered as
a standard crop for genomic studies because it has a small genome size, and it is easily
transformed and reproduced.
A loss of genetic diversity, particularly among commercial cultivars, has
resulted from numerous genetic bottlenecks caused by self-pollination or artificial
selection throughout the domestication phase of the cultivated tomato. Landraces are
dynamic populations of cultivated plants with specific eco-geographical origins that
have been adapted to the local climatic conditions as well as to conventional
management and usage. In low-input agricultural systems, landraces have evolved
through both natural and artificial selection, and as a result, they account for a large
portion of the lost variety.
To evaluate genotypic diversity, the selection of germplasm has been
genotyped with two SCAR markers originally developed for the resistance against two
main fungal tomato diseases, Fusarium oxysporum and Phytophthora infestans.
One of the most important soil-borne diseases affecting tomatoes is fusarium
crown and root rot (FCR), which causes substantial yield losses in greenhouse and field
settings. The fungus that causes the disease is Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicislycopersici (FORL). One dominant gene (Frl) known to provide resistance against FCR
has been identified as a highly reliable SCAR marker that can be used to identify FCRresistant lines via marker assisted selection (MAS). The oomycete Phytopthora
infestans, which causes late blight (LB), is another serious disease that affects
tomatoes and can quickly wipe out an entire crop. The goal of the present study is to
assess the polymorphism of these two markers within the studied germplasm in an
effort to evaluate the potential of these cultivars for future breeding efforts towards
resistant varieties.
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