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This dissertation was written as part of the MSc in Black Sea and Eastern Mediterranean Studies at the International Hellenic University. The Arab Spring was the catalyst for the developments in the Middle East in the recent years. Throughout this period, a downgrade has been noticed in the bilateral relations of Saudi Arabia and Turkey followed also by a pursued competitive Middle Eastern policy of each state. This dissertation aims to illustrate that this condition is instigated by the Muslim Brotherhood, an organization with a religious background. In fact, the Muslim Brotherhood has prior history being involved in Saudi Arabia‘s Middle Eastern policy, which has a practical consequence in the subsequent policy due to the Arab Spring. Accordingly, the study initially focuses on this nexus in consideration. A brief overview of the Muslim Brotherhood‘s origin and evolution is detailed and how Turkey and Saudi Arabia affiliate with the organization. Afterwards, the dissertation illustrates the usefulness of the Muslim Brotherhood in Saudi Arabia‘s foreign policy in the past century, until it ceased to be useful and was altered into a threat. Finally, the same condition of usefulness is being elaborated respectively for Turkey‘s case, regarding the Arab Spring, and how Saudi Arabia challenged this.