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This dissertation was written as part of the LLM in Transnational and European Commercial law, Banking Law, Arbitration/Mediation at the International Hellenic University. The present research project examines the ten-year challenge of non performing loans (NPLs) in Europe, from the 2008 crisis - and the Lehman collapse that shocked the global community - to 2018. Extended regulatory reforms took place giving the false impression that everything was or is under control, whilst overregulation and huge delays in European Authorities’ initiatives regarding the resolution design have been a real threat to the effectiveness of measures taken. The progress of NPL resolution in both the designing part and its implementation is examined in correlation with the lending function of banks along with some socioeconomic criteria to end up to the inefficiency of policies followed so far, to the vulnerability of financial stability, and to time having been the worst enemy of NPLs in Europe. Towards the completion of this project many were the people I feel the need to thank. First of all, the International Hellenic University, each and every Professor, for the experience and knowledge it equipped me with through a unique postgraduate program, covering the most contemporary areas of legal interest and significantly broadening my horizons, both academic and professional. Secondly, my supervisor, Dr Nikoletta Kleftouri, an inspiring, charismatic professor, who has been a mentor to me and made me realize and reinforce my passion for the area of banking law. Finally, I really thank my broader family environment and my friends for their constant support and motivation, but also my broader professional environment, where through cases in the area of banking law and non-performing loans, I gained first-hand experience in my area of interest and research.