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This dissertation was written as a part of the MSc in ICT Systems at the International Hellenic University. Nowadays, scientists are looking for ways to replace old technologies with new, “green” and more energy efficient than the previous ones. Underwater acoustic sensor networks aim to this direction. It is one very prominent technology which is expected to be implemented to much more applications than today. In this thesis we examine the optimal sensor deployment taking into account all these constrains which such a system have to face. We propose a sensor deployment which leads to maximize the lifetime of the network. Simulations are conducted using an ns-3 simulator and the results show that our deployment prolongs the lifetime of the network significantly. During all this tough period there are several people who contributed to accomplish this dissertation. It would not have been possible to write this thesis without their help and support. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my advisor, Dr. Nick Savage, who has opened a new door for me to get involved with one very promising technology. His excellent guidance, caring and patience are factors that led to a successful result. I am also indebted to the academic staff of the University and especially to Dr. Georgios Koutitas for his advices and instructions to write a coherent and compre-hensive dissertation. He offered plenty of time to me during the research and he had al-ways solutions to my problems. I would also like to thank the PhD student, Kyriakos Ovaliadis, for his interest on my research. He was always willing to give his best suggestions and to provide me the necessary tools. I consider him a friend and I appreciate what he has done for me. Of course, my family deserves many thanks for their love and support they have shown to me while I was writing this dissertation. When I needed them, they were there for me.