Starting from 1923 with the onset of the Republic of Turkey, history has witnessed a great many instances of competition and cooperation between Russia (or the Soviet Union) and Turkey. The competition between the two states involved the Soviet interference in Turkey with the Communist Party of Turkey, the Cold War Antagonism, the Russian assistance provided to the Kurds and the Turkish assistance provided to Chechnya, South Ossetia, Abkhazia and Nagorno-Karabakh. The cooperation between the two states lies upon their common (?) interests in energy and security issues as well as their participation in the BSEC.
The study of the conflict between Russia and Turkey has been carried out according to the theoretical framework of Offensive or Common Sense Realism, in the sense that both of them are using and abusing one another to impose their will and fulfil their interests in certain areas such as the Black Sea or the Caspian Sea. Meanwhile, both are attempting to reach „hegemony‟ in organizations such as the BSEC instead of taking part in them equally. Last but not least, the efforts conducted by both states to maximize their power and guarantee their self-security are stressed.
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